PFAS in tap water: Ibaraki Prefecture
In Ibaraki Prefecture’s water supplies, the highest combined PFOS and PFOA value for FY2020–FY2025 (FY2025 through the end of August) was 37 ng/L at the Koda-Higashi small water supply association (国府田東簡易水道組合) (FY2025). The FY2024 maximum was 30 at the Namegata City water utility (行方市水道事業) (tap). No utility exceeded 50 ng/L.
Levels by utility (PFOS + PFOA combined, ng/L)
| Utility | FY2020 | FY2021 | FY2022 | FY2023 | FY2024 | FY2025* | Sampled at |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 水戸市上下水道局水道部Water supply · 水戸市 | — | — | — | 3 | 4 | 3 | tap and raw |
| 日立市水道事業Water supply · 日立市 | — | 2 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 1 | raw water only |
| 北茨城市水道事業Water supply · 北茨城市 | — | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | tap only |
| ひたちなか市水道事業所Water supply · ひたちなか市 | — | nd | 3 | nd | nd | nd | tap and raw |
| 土浦市水道事業Water supply · 土浦市buys all its water — Buys from 県南西広域水道用水供給事業 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 阿見町水道事業Water supply · 阿見町 | — | — | — | nd | nd | nd | tap only |
| 古河市水道事業Water supply · 古河市 | 5 | 9 | 3 | 8 | 10 | 7 | plant outlet and raw |
| 潮来市水道事業Water supply · 潮来市buys all its water — Buys from 鹿行広域水道用水供給事業 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 結城市水道事業Water supply · 結城市 | — | — | — | nd | 3 | nd | plant outlet and raw |
| 茨城県南水道企業団水道事業Water supplybuys all its water — Buys from 県南西広域水道用水供給事業 | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | — |
| 湖北水道企業団Water supply | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | tap only |
| 大洗町水道事業Water supply · 大洗町 | — | — | 6 | 3 | 11 | 15 | tap only |
| 大子町水道事業Water supply · 大子町 | — | — | — | — | nd | nd | tap only |
| 高萩市水道事業Water supply · 高萩市 | nd | nd | 2 | nd | nd | nd | tap only |
| 常陸大宮市水道事業Water supply · 常陸大宮市 | — | — | — | 4 | 17 | 4 | plant outlet only |
| 鹿嶋市水道事業Water supply · 鹿嶋市buys all its water — Buys from 鹿行広域水道用水供給事業 | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 那珂市水道事業Water supply · 那珂市 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 7 | 4 | plant outlet only |
| つくば市水道事業Water supply · つくば市buys all its water — Buys from 県南西広域水道用水供給事業 | — | — | — | — | nd | nd | — |
| 東海村水道事業Water supply · 東海村 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 4 | tap only |
| 境町水道事業Water supply · 境町 | — | — | — | nd | nd | nd | plant outlet only |
| 美浦村水道事業Water supply · 美浦村buys all its water — Buys from 県南西広域水道用水供給事業 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 守谷市Water supply · 守谷市buys all its water — Buys from 県南西広域水道用水供給事業 | — | — | — | — | — | 8 | — |
| 下妻市水道事業Water supply · 下妻市 | — | — | — | nd | nd | nd | tap, plant outlet and raw |
| 河内町水道事業Water supply · 河内町buys all its water — Buys from 県南西広域水道用水供給事業 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 八千代町水道事業Water supply · 八千代町 | — | — | — | nd | nd | nd | tap only |
| 五霞町水道事業Water supply · 五霞町 | — | — | — | 6 | nd | nd | plant outlet and raw |
| 茨城町水道事業Water supply · 茨城町 | 8 | 5 | 6 | 5 | 6 | 22 | tap only |
| 神栖市水道事業Water supply · 神栖市buys all its water — Buys from 鹿行広域水道用水供給事業 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 石岡市水道事業Water supply · 石岡市 | — | — | — | 4 | nd | nd | tap and raw |
| かすみがうら市水道事業Water supply · かすみがうら市 | — | — | — | nd | nd | nd | tap and raw |
| 桜川市水道事業Water supply · 桜川市 | — | — | — | — | 17 | 16 | raw water only |
| 坂東市水道事業Water supply · 坂東市 | — | — | — | nd | nd | nd | plant outlet only |
| 稲敷市水道事業Water supply · 稲敷市 | — | — | — | — | 12 | 4 | tap only |
| つくばみらい市水道事業Water supply · つくばみらい市 | — | — | — | nd | nd | nd | raw water only |
| 常総市Water supply · 常総市 | — | — | nd | 7 | nd | nd | tap and raw |
| 行方市水道事業Water supply · 行方市 | — | — | — | — | 30 | 9 | tap only |
| 小美玉市水道事業Water supply · 小美玉市 | — | — | — | 20 | 21 | 26 | tap only |
| 筑西市水道事業Water supply · 筑西市 | nd | 18 | 31 | 14 | 19 | 8 | tap only |
| 城里町水道事業Water supply · 城里町 | 4 | nd | 3 | 4 | 3 | 2 | tap only |
| 笠間市水道事業Water supply · 笠間市 | — | — | — | nd | 1 | nd | raw water only |
| 常陸太田市上水道事業Water supply · 常陸太田市 | — | — | 11 | 12 | 3 | 1 | plant outlet and raw |
| 鉾田市水道事業Water supply · 鉾田市 | — | — | — | nd | nd | nd | raw water only |
| 県南西広域水道用水供給事業Bulk supplierSupplies: 土浦市、阿見町、美浦村、つくば市、稲敷市、河内町、守谷市、茨城県南水道企業団(龍ケ崎市・取手市・牛久市・利根町)、石岡市、かすみがうら市、常総市、筑西市、結城市、下妻市、桜川市、八千代町、坂東市、古河市、境町、つくばみらい市 | 5 | 9 | 7 | 10 | 8 | 6 | plant outlet and raw |
| 鹿行広域水道用水供給事業Bulk supplierSupplies: 鹿嶋市、潮来市、神栖市、行方市、鉾田市 | 11 | 13 | 12 | 10 | 8 | 8 | plant outlet and raw |
| 県中央広域水道用水供給事業Bulk supplierSupplies: 水戸市、笠間市、ひたちなか市、常陸大宮市、那珂市、かすみがうら市、小美玉市、茨城町、大洗町、東海村、湖北水道企業団(石岡市・小美玉市) | nd | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | nd | plant outlet and raw |
| 霞ケ岡簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 若松町簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | 5 | — | tap only |
| 関川共同給水組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 石川給水組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 井関共同給水組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 高浜西地区給水組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 小通幸谷簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | nd | nd | — |
| 里美地区里川簡易水道事業Small water supply | — | — | nd | nd | nd | nd | tap only |
| 里美地区北部簡易水道事業Small water supply | — | — | nd | nd | nd | nd | tap only |
| 里美地区中部簡易水道事業Small water supply | — | — | nd | nd | nd | nd | tap only |
| 里美地区南部簡易水道事業Small water supply | — | — | nd | nd | nd | nd | tap only |
| 水府地区北部簡易水道事業Small water supply | — | — | nd | nd | nd | nd | tap only |
| 水府地区南部簡易水道事業Small water supply | — | — | nd | nd | 1 | 1 | tap only |
| 北茨城市水道事業(関本簡易水道)Small water supply · 北茨城市 | — | nd | nd | nd | 3 | nd | tap only |
| 北茨城市水道事業(中郷簡易水道)Small water supply · 北茨城市 | — | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | tap only |
| 福田町簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 小池簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 福田坪簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 台面野井簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 稲岡簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 北原簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 鎌倉簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 水堀簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 西大沼簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 新町簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 不動町簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 高須賀中南簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 高須賀北部簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | planned | — |
| 本田簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 飯田簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | planned | — |
| 鬼ケ窪簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 台町第一簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | nd | — | — |
| 境松簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 上萱丸簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | — |
| 四ツ谷簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | planned | — |
| 関の台簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | planned | — |
| 島名東坪簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 入坪簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 中西簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 前野原新田簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 下河原崎簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 西岡簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 高良田簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 野手簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 大山簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 大宿二簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 手子生一簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 百家簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 台宿簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 遠東簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | nd | — | — |
| 大宿一簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 横町簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 本金村簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 金村四つ又簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 道角簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | nd | nd | tap only |
| 神谷森簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 手子生二,三簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 西酒丸簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 田倉簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | planned | — |
| 権下簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | planned | — |
| 上郷簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 朝日町簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 雷神簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 野畑簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | planned | — |
| 筑波東山簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 洞下簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 上大島簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | nd | — | — |
| 水守第一簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 中菅間簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 北太田簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | nd | nd | — |
| 水守第二簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 下手簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 作谷上坪簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | planned | — |
| 明石簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 作谷西坪簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 大曽根下宿簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 佐簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 下長高野簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 前野西坪簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 吉沼向町簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 吉沼新地簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 大砂簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 吉沼館笠簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 吉沼内坂簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 吉沼新地上町簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 吉沼大坪簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 下西高野簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 東前野簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 大曽根荒町簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 吉野簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 五所宮下簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | nd | — | — |
| 深見簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | planned | — |
| 鎌田簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 国府田東簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | 37 | — |
| 山崎西山簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 伊佐山川岸簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | nd | — | — |
| 灰塚掉ヶ島簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 山崎久保簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 灰塚東簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 中野殿簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 小林簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 谷部簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | nd | — | — |
| 下江連簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | planned | — |
| 飯島中央簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 大塚簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | nd | — |
| 西榎生簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | planned | — |
| 南根本簡易水道組合Small water supply | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
These are the highest values in each fiscal year reported by each utility to the national government (MLIT and the Ministry of the Environment). A utility with several sources or treatment plants can have different levels in different parts of its area. Samples are taken at the tap in principle, but some utilities only measured raw water (water before treatment), and raw-water values are not covered by the tap-water standard. nd = below the detection or quantification limit; — = no value reported. *FY2025 covers results up to the end of August 2025. Utility names are left in Japanese as in the official table.
>50 a year above 50 ng/L (for utilities that also sampled raw water, the value may be from raw water) raw above 50 ng/L, but measured in raw water only
Good to know
- The Koda-Higashi small water supply association showed “none” for testing record in the November 2024 table, and its value appeared for the first time in the 2025 table. The table does not say where it was sampled (tap, treatment plant or raw water).
- Among utilities that measure at the tap, Chikusei City (筑西市) had 31 (FY2022), Namegata City had 30 (FY2024), and Omitama City (小美玉市) had 20, 21 and 26 (FY2023–FY2025). Omitama City’s values are rising little by little.
- The prefecture’s bulk water suppliers (utilities that sell water wholesale to cities and towns) were 8–13 for Rokko Regional (鹿行広域), 5–10 for Kennansei Regional (県南西広域), and nd–2 for Kenchuo Regional (県中央広域) (measured at the treatment plant outlet and in raw water).
- Nine utilities buy all their water from a bulk supplier (they buy water from another utility), including Tsukuba City (つくば市), Tsuchiura City (土浦市) and the Ibaraki Kennan Water Supply Authority (茨城県南水道企業団). There are years in which they did not test the water themselves, so check the supplier’s values as well. → How to read the national table
- Private water supplies (for a facility) were tested at 159 of the 225 operators, and 2 exceedances have been confirmed. The national-government one is the private water supply of Ibaraki Nogei Gakuin (茨城農芸学院), at 61 ng/L in raw water (water before treatment at the plant). According to the national documents, it is being handled with water filters as an emergency measure and is planned to switch to the public water supply.
Put it in terms of your own intake
- Intake from water
- — ng/kg/day
- Compared with Japan’s tolerable daily intake (PFOS and PFOA, 20 ng/kg bw/day each)
- —
- Compared with EFSA’s tolerable weekly intake (4 PFAS combined, 4.4 ng/kg bw/week ≈ 0.63 a day)
- —
- Compared with intake from 37 foods (MAFF estimate: PFOS 0.13 + PFOA 0.09 = 0.22 ng/kg bw/day; the 37 foods make up about half of what people eat by amount)
- —
The combined value is treated as a single substance (in reality it is split between PFOS and PFOA, so the share of Japan’s TDI would be smaller). EFSA’s value is for the sum of PFOA, PFNA, PFHxS and PFOS; tap-water values here do not include PFNA or PFHxS. This calculation shows how the same intake reads differently against different yardsticks; it does not judge health effects.
Related explainers
- How do you check PFAS in your local tap water? Reading the national tables and working out “what percent of the TDI”
- Do high PFAS values in rivers or groundwater mean high values in tap water? How guideline values differ from the tap water standard
- Japan’s PFAS standard for tap water, “50 ng/L”: how was it set, and how does it differ from the U.S. and EU?
- Water filters and PFAS
Sources
- Ministry of the Environment and MLIT, “Results of the follow-up survey on PFOS and PFOA in water supplies” (December 25, 2025)
- Same, list of survey results (updated), Excel (annual maximums, FY2020–FY2025)
- Ministry of the Environment and MLIT, list of survey results, Excel (published November 29, 2024; sampling point column)
- Same, follow-up survey annex (status of private water supplies by prefecture; national-government private water supplies above the provisional target value)
Last checked 2026.10.04 (against the original government documents and papers, collected and cross-checked in Gemini Notebook). Utility values are as in the national table; Urayomi sorted and summarized them.